Kindergarten | First grade | Second | Third grade | Fourth grade | Fith grade | Sixth grade

Kindergarten

1.0 ARTISTIC PERCEPTION
Processing, Analyzing, and Responding to Sensory Information Through the Language and Skills Unique to the Visual Arts
Students perceive and respond to works of art, objects in nature, events, and the environment. They also use the vocabulary of the visual arts to express their observations.

Develop Perceptual Skills and Visual Arts Vocabulary
1.1 Recognize and describe simple patterns found in the environment and works of art.
1.2 Name art materials (e.g., clay, paint, and crayons) introduced in lessons.

Analyze Art Elements and Principles of Design
1.3 Identify the elements of art (line, color, shape/form, texture, value, space) in the environment and in works of art, emphasizing line, color, and shape/form.

2.0 CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Creating, Performing, and Participating in the Visual Arts

Students apply artistic processes and skills, using a variety of media to communicate meaning and intent in original works of art.

Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools
2.1 Use lines, shapes/forms, and colors to make patterns.
2.2 Demonstrate beginning skill in the use of tools and processes, such as the use of scissors, glue, and paper in creating a three-dimensional construction.
2.3 Make a collage with cut or torn paper shapes/forms.

Communication and Expression Through Original Works of Art
2.4 Paint pictures expressing ideas about family and neighborhood.
2.5 Use lines in drawings and paintings to express feelings.
2.6 Use geometric shapes/forms (circle, triangle, square) in a work of art. 2.7 Create a three-dimensional form, such as a real or imaginary animal.

3.0 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Understanding the Historical Contributions and Cultural Dimensions of the Visual Arts

Students analyze the role and development of the visual arts in past and present cultures throughout the world, noting human diversity as it relates to the visual arts and artists.

Role and Development of the Visual Arts
3.1 Describe functional and nonutilitarian art seen in daily life; that is, works of art that are used versus those that are only viewed.
3.2 Identify and describe works of art that show people doing things together.

Diversity of the Visual Arts
3.3 Look at and discuss works of art from a variety of times and places.

4.0 AESTHETIC VALUING
Responding to, Analyzing, and Making Judgments About Works in the Visual Arts

Students analyze, assess, and derive meaning from works of art, including their own, according to the elements of art, the principles of design, and aesthetic qualities.

Derive Meaning
4.1 Discuss their own works of art, using appropriate art vocabulary (e.g., color, shape/form, texture).
4.2 Describe what is seen (including both literal and expressive content) in selected works of art.

Make Informed Judgments
4.3 Discuss how and why they made a specific work of art.
4.4 Give reasons why they like a particular work of art they made, using appropriate art vocabulary.

5.0 CONNECTIONS, RELATIONSHIPS, APPLICATIONS
Connecting and Applying What Is Learned in the Visual Arts to Other Art Forms and Subject Areas and to Careers

Students apply what they learned in the visual arts across subject areas. They develop competencies and creative skills in problem solving, communication, and management of time and resources that contribute to lifelong learning and career skills. They also learn about careers in and related to the visual arts.

Connections and Applications
5.1 Draw geometric shapes/forms (e.g., circles, squares, and triangles) and repeat them in dance/movement sequences.
5.2 Look at and draw something used every day (e.g., scissors, toothbrush, fork) and describe how the object is used.

Visual Literacy
5.3 Point out images (e.g., photographs, paintings, murals, ceramics, sculptures) and symbols found at home, in school, and in the community, including national and state symbols and icons.

Career and Career-Related Skills
5.4 Discuss the various works of art (e.g., ceramics, paintings, sculpture) that artists create and the media used.

Firtst grade

1.0 ARTISTIC PERCEPTION
Processing, Analyzing, and Responding to Sensory Information Through the Language and Skills Unique to the Visual Arts
Students perceive and respond to works of art, objects in nature, events, and the environment. They also use the vocabulary of the visual arts to express their observations.

Develop Perceptual Skills and Visual Arts Vocabulary
1.1 Describe and replicate repeated patterns in nature, in the environment, and in works of art.
1.2 Distinguish among various media when looking at works of art (e.g., clay, paints, drawing materials).

Analyze Art Elements and Principles of Design
1.3 Identify the elements of art in objects in nature, in the environment, and in works of art, emphasizing line, color, shape/form, and texture.

2.0 CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Creating, Performing, and Participating in the Visual Arts

Students apply artistic processes and skills, using a variety of media to communicate meaning and intent in original works of art.

Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools
2.1 Use texture in two-dimensional and three-dimensional works of art.
2.2 Mix secondary colors from primary colors and describe the process.
2.3 Demonstrate beginning skill in the manipulation and use of sculptural materials (clay, paper, and papier maché) to create form and texture in works of art.

Communication and Expression Through Original Works of Art
2.4 Plan and use variations in line, shape/form, color, and texture to communicate ideas or feelings in works of art.
2.5 Create a representational sculpture based on people, animals, or buildings.
2.6 Draw or paint a still life, using secondary colors.
2.7 Use visual and actual texture in original works of art.
2.8 Create artwork based on observations of actual objects and everyday scenes.

3.0 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Understanding the Historical Contributions and Cultural Dimensions of the Visual Arts

Students analyze the role and development of the visual arts in past and present cultures throughout the world, noting human diversity as it relates to the visual arts and artists.

Role and Development of the Visual Arts
3.1 Recognize and discuss the design of everyday objects from various time periods and cultures.
3.2 Identify and describe various subject matter in art (e.g., landscapes, seascapes, portraits, still life).

Diversity of the Visual Arts
3.3 View and then describe art from various cultures.
3.4 Identify art objects (e.g., Japanese screen painting, Mexican tin art, African masks) from various cultures and describe what they have in common and how they differ.

4.0 AESTHETIC VALUING
Responding to, Analyzing, and Making Judgments About Works in the Visual Arts

Students analyze, assess, and derive meaning from works of art, including their own, according to the elements of art, the principles of design, and aesthetic qualities.

Derive Meaning
4.1 Discuss works of art created in the classroom, focusing on selected elements of art (e.g., shape/form, texture, line, color).
4.2 Identify and describe various reasons for making art.

Make Informed Judgments
4.3 Describe how and why they made a selected work of art, focusing on the media and technique.
4.4 Select something they like about their work of art and something they would change.

5.0 CONNECTIONS, RELATIONSHIPS, APPLICATIONS
Connecting and Applying What Is Learned in the Visual Arts to Other Art Forms and Subject Areas and to Careers

Students apply what they learned in the visual arts across subject areas. They develop competencies and creative skills in problem solving, communication, and management of time and resources that contribute to lifelong learning and career skills. They also learn about careers in and related to the visual arts.

Connections and Applications
5.1 Clap out rhythmic patterns found in the lyrics of music and use symbols to create visual representations of the patterns.
5.2 Compare and contrast objects of folk art from various time periods and cultures.

Visual Literacy
5.3 Identify and sort pictures into categories according to the elements of art emphasized in the works (e.g., color, line, shape/form, and texture).

Career and Career-Related Skills
5.4 Describe objects designed by artists (e.g., furniture, appliances, cars) that are used at home and at school.

Second grade

1.0 ARTISTIC PERCEPTION
Processing, Analyzing, and Responding to Sensory Information Through the Language and Skills Unique to the Visual Arts
Students perceive and respond to works of art, objects in nature, events, and the environment. They also use the vocabulary of the visual arts to express their observations.

Develop Perceptual Skills and Visual Arts Vocabulary
1.1 Perceive and describe repetition and balance in nature, in the environment, and in works of art.
1.2 Perceive and discuss differences in mood created by warm and cool colors.

Analyze Art Elements and Principles of Design
1.3 Identify the elements of art in objects in nature, the environment, and works of art, emphasizing line, color, shape/form, texture, and space.

2.0 CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Creating, Performing, and Participating in the Visual Arts

Students apply artistic processes and skills, using a variety of media to communicate meaning and intent in original works of art.

Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools
2.1 Demonstrate beginning skill in the use of basic tools and art-making processes, such as printing, crayon rubbings, collage, and stencils.
2.2 Demonstrate beginning skill in the use of art media, such as oil pastels, watercolors, and tempera.

Communication and Expression Through Original Works of Art
2.3 Depict the illusion of depth (space) in a work of art, using overlapping shapes, relative size, and placement within the picture.
2.4 Create a painting or drawing, using warm or cool colors expressively.
2.5 Use symmetry (bilateral or radial) to create visual balance.

3.0 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Understanding the Historical Contributions and Cultural Dimensions of the Visual Arts

Students analyze the role and development of the visual arts in past and present cultures throughout the world, noting human diversity as it relates to the visual arts and artists.

Role and Development of the Visual Arts
3.1 Explain how artists use their work to share experiences or communicate ideas.
3.2 Recognize and use the vocabulary of art to describe art objects from various cultures and time periods.

Diversity of the Visual Arts
3.3 Identify and discuss how art is used in events and celebrations in various cultures, past and present, including the use in their own lives.

4.0 AESTHETIC VALUING
Responding to, Analyzing, and Making Judgments About Works in the Visual Arts

Students analyze, assess, and derive meaning from works of art, including their own, according to the elements of art, the principles of design, and aesthetic qualities.

Derive Meaning
4.1 Compare ideas expressed through their own works of art with ideas expressed in the work of others.
4.2 Compare different responses to the same work of art.

Make Informed Judgments
4.3 Use the vocabulary of art to talk about what they wanted to do in their own works of art and how they succeeded.
4.4 Use appropriate vocabulary of art to describe the successful use of an element of art in a work of art.

5.0 CONNECTIONS, RELATIONSHIPS, APPLICATIONS
Connecting and Applying What Is Learned in the Visual Arts to Other Art Forms and Subject Areas and to Careers

Students apply what they learned in the visual arts across subject areas. They develop competencies and creative skills in problem solving, communication, and management of time and resources that contribute to lifelong learning and career skills. They also learn about careers in and related to the visual arts.

Connections and Applications
5.1 Use placement, overlapping, and size differences to show opposites (e.g., up/down, in/out, over/under, together/apart, fast/slow, stop/go).
5.2 Select and use expressive colors to create mood and show personality within a portrait of a hero from long ago or the recent past.

Visual Literacy
5.3 Identify pictures and sort them into categories according to expressive qualities (e.g., theme and mood).

Career and Career-Related Skills
5.4 Discuss artists in the community who create different kinds of art (e.g., prints, ceramics, paintings, sculpture).

Third grade

1.0 ARTISTIC PERCEPTION
Processing, Analyzing, and Responding to Sensory Information Through the Language and Skills Unique to the Visual Arts
Students perceive and respond to works of art, objects in nature, events, and the environment. They also use the vocabulary of the visual arts to express their observations.

Develop Perceptual Skills and Visual Arts Vocabulary
1.1 Perceive and describe rhythm and movement in works of art and in the environment.
1.2 Describe how artists use tints and shades in painting.
1.3 Identify and describe how foreground, middle ground, and background are used to create the illusion of space.
1.4 Compare and contrast two works of art made by the use of different art tools and media (e.g., watercolor, tempera, computer).

Analyze Art Elements and Principles of Design
1.5 Identify and describe elements of art in works of art, emphasizing line, color, shape/form, texture, space, and value.

2.0 CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Creating, Performing, and Participating in the Visual Arts

Students apply artistic processes and skills, using a variety of media to communicate meaning and intent in original works of art.

Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools
2.1 Explore ideas for art in a personal sketchbook.
2.2 Mix and apply tempera paints to create tints, shades, and neutral colors.

Communication and Expression Through Original Works of Art
2.3 Paint or draw a landscape, seascape, or cityscape that shows the illusion of space.
2.4 Create a work of art based on the observation of objects and scenes in daily life, emphasizing value changes.
2.5 Create an imaginative clay sculpture based on an organic form.
2.6 Create an original work of art emphasizing rhythm and movement, using a selected printing process.

3.0 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Understanding the Historical Contributions and Cultural Dimensions of the Visual Arts

Students analyze the role and development of the visual arts in past and present cultures throughout the world, noting human diversity as it relates to the visual arts and artists.

Role and Development of the Visual Arts
3.1 Compare and describe various works of art that have a similar theme and were created at different time periods.
3.2 Identify artists from his or her own community, county, or state and discuss local or regional art traditions.
3.3 Distinguish and describe representational, abstract, and nonrepresentational works of art.

Diversity of the Visual Arts
3.4 Identify and describe objects of art from different parts of the world observed in visits to a museum or gallery (e.g., puppets, masks, containers).
3.5 Write about a work of art that reflects a student's own cultural background.

4.0 AESTHETIC VALUING
Responding to, Analyzing, and Making Judgments About Works in the Visual Arts

Students analyze, assess, and derive meaning from works of art, including their own, according to the elements of art, the principles of design, and aesthetic qualities.

Derive Meaning
4.1 Compare and contrast selected works of art and describe them, using appropriate vocabulary of art.

Make Informed Judgments
4.2 Identify successful and less successful compositional and expressive qualities of their own works of art and describe what might be done to improve them.
4.3 Select an artist's work and, using appropriate vocabulary of art, explain its successful compositional and communicative qualities.

5.0 CONNECTIONS, RELATIONSHIPS, APPLICATIONS
Connecting and Applying What Is Learned in the Visual Arts to Other Art Forms and Subject Areas and to Careers

Students apply what they learned in the visual arts across subject areas. They develop competencies and creative skills in problem solving, communication, and management of time and resources that contribute to lifelong learning and career skills. They also learn about careers in and related to the visual arts.

Connections and Applications
5.1 Describe how costumes contribute to the meaning of a dance.
5.2 Write a poem or story inspired by their own works of art.

Visual Literacy
5.3 Look at images in figurative works of art and predict what might happen next, telling what clues in the work support their ideas.

Career and Career-Related Skills
5.4 Describe how artists (e.g., architects, book illustrators, muralists, industrial designers) have affected people's lives.

Fourth grade

1.0 ARTISTIC PERCEPTION
Processing, Analyzing, and Responding to Sensory Information Through the Language and Skills Unique to the Visual Arts
Students perceive and respond to works of art, objects in nature, events, and the environment. They also use the vocabulary of the visual arts to express their observations.

Develop Perceptual Skills and Visual Arts Vocabulary
1.1 Perceive and describe contrast and emphasis in works of art and in the environment.
1.2 Describe how negative shapes/forms and positive shapes/forms are used in a chosen work of art.
1.3 Identify pairs of complementary colors (yellow/violet; red/green; orange/blue) and discuss how artists use them to communicate an idea or mood.
1.4 Describe the concept of proportion (in face, figure) as used in works of art.

Analyze Art Elements and Principles of Design
1.5 Describe and analyze the elements of art (color, shape/form, line, texture, space and value), emphasizing form, as they are used in works of art and found in the environment.

2.0 CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Creating, Performing, and Participating in the Visual Arts

Students apply artistic processes and skills, using a variety of media to communicate meaning and intent in original works of art.

Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools
2.1 Use shading (value) to transform a two-dimensional shape into what appears to be a three-dimensional form (e.g., circle to sphere).
2.2 Use the conventions of facial and figure proportions in a figure study.
2.3 Use additive and subtractive processes in making simple sculptural forms.
2.4 Use fibers or other materials to create a simple weaving.

Communication and Expression Through Original Works of Art
2.5 Use accurate proportions to create an expressive portrait or a figure drawing or painting.
2.6 Use the interaction between positive and negative space expressively in a work of art.
2.7 Use contrast (light and dark) expressively in an original work of art.
2.8 Use complementary colors in an original composition to show contrast and emphasis.

3.0 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Understanding the Historical Contributions and Cultural Dimensions of the Visual Arts

Students analyze the role and development of the visual arts in past and present cultures throughout the world, noting human diversity as it relates to the visual arts and artists.

Role and Development of the Visual Arts
3.1 Describe how art plays a role in reflecting life (e.g., in photography, quilts, architecture).

Diversity of the Visual Arts
3.2 Identify and discuss the content of works of art in the past and present, focusing on the different cultures that have contributed to California's history and art heritage.
3.3 Research and describe the influence of religious groups on art and architecture, focusing primarily on buildings in California both past and present.

4.0 AESTHETIC VALUING
Responding to, Analyzing, and Making Judgments About Works in the Visual Arts

Students analyze, assess, and derive meaning from works of art, including their own, according to the elements of art, the principles of design, and aesthetic qualities.

Derive Meaning
4.1 Describe how using the language of the visual arts helps to clarify personal responses to works of art.
4.2 Identify and describe how a person's own cultural context influences individual responses to works of art.
4.3 Discuss how the subject and selection of media relate to the meaning or purpose of a work of art.

Make Informed Judgments
4.4 Identify and describe how various cultures define and value art differently.
4.5 Describe how the individual experiences of an artist may influence the development of specific works of art.

5.0 CONNECTIONS, RELATIONSHIPS, APPLICATIONS
Connecting and Applying What Is Learned in the Visual Arts to Other Art Forms and Subject Areas and to Careers

Students apply what they learned in the visual arts across subject areas. They develop competencies and creative skills in problem solving, communication, and management of time and resources that contribute to lifelong learning and career skills. They also learn about careers in and related to the visual arts.

Connections and Applications
5.1 Select a nonobjective painting, work in small groups to interpret it through dance/movement, and then write a paragraph reporting on the arts experience.
5.2 Research twentieth-century artists who have incorporated symmetry as part of their work and then create a work of art, using bilateral or radial symmetry.

Visual Literacy
5.3 Construct diagrams, maps, graphs, timelines, and illustrations to communicate ideas or tell a story about a historical event.

Career and Career-Related Skills
5.4 Read biographies and stories about artists and summarize the readings in short reports, telling how the artists mirrored or affected their time period or culture.

Fith grade

1.0 ARTISTIC PERCEPTION
Processing, Analyzing, and Responding to Sensory Information Through the Language and Skills Unique to the Visual Arts
Students perceive and respond to works of art, objects in nature, events, and the environment. They also use the vocabulary of the visual arts to express their observations.

Develop Perceptual Skills and Visual Arts Vocabulary
1.1 Identify and describe the principles of design in visual compositions, emphasizing unity and harmony.
1.2 Identify and describe characteristics of representational, abstract, and nonrepresentational works of art.

Analyze Art Elements and Principles of Design
1.3 Use their knowledge of all the elements of art to describe similarities and differences in works of art and in the environment.

2.0 CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Creating, Performing, and Participating in the Visual Arts

Students apply artistic processes and skills, using a variety of media to communicate meaning and intent in original works of art.

Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools
2.1 Use one-point perspective to create the illusion of space.
2.2 Create gesture and contour observational drawings.
2.3 Demonstrate beginning skill in the manipulation of digital imagery (e.g., computer-generated art, digital photography, or videography).

Communication and Expression Through Original Works of Art
2.4 Create an expressive abstract composition based on real objects.
2.5 Assemble a found object sculpture (as assemblage) or a mixed media two-dimensional composition that reflects unity and harmony and communicates a theme.
2.6 Use perspective in an original work of art to create a real or imaginary scene.
2.7 Communicate values, opinions, or personal insights through an original work of art.

3.0 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Understanding the Historical Contributions and Cultural Dimensions of the Visual Arts

Students analyze the role and development of the visual arts in past and present cultures throughout the world, noting human diversity as it relates to the visual arts and artists.

Role and Development of the Visual Arts
3.1 Describe how local and national art galleries and museums contribute to the conservation of art.
3.2 Identify and describe various fine, traditional, and folk arts from historical periods worldwide.

Diversity of the Visual Arts
3.3 Identify and compare works of art from various regions of the United States.
3.4 View selected works of art from a major culture and observe changes in materials and styles over a period of time.

4.0 AESTHETIC VALUING
Responding to, Analyzing, and Making Judgments About Works in the Visual Arts

Students analyze, assess, and derive meaning from works of art, including their own, according to the elements of art, the principles of design, and aesthetic qualities.

Derive Meaning
4.1 Identify how selected principles of design are used in a work of art and how they affect personal responses to and evaluation of the work of art.
4.2 Compare the different purposes of a specific culture for creating art.

Make Informed Judgments
4.3 Develop and use specific criteria as individuals and in groups to assess works of art.
4.4 Assess their own works of art, using specific criteria, and describe what changes they would make for improvement.

5.0 CONNECTIONS, RELATIONSHIPS, APPLICATIONS
Connecting and Applying What Is Learned in the Visual Arts to Other Art Forms and Subject Areas and to Careers

Students apply what they learned in the visual arts across subject areas. They develop competencies and creative skills in problem solving, communication, and management of time and resources that contribute to lifelong learning and career skills. They also learn about careers in and related to the visual arts.

Connections and Applications
5.1 Use linear perspective to depict geometric objects in space.

Visual Literacy
5.2 Identify and design icons, logos, and other graphic devices as symbols for ideas and information.

Career and Career-Related Skills
5.3 Research and report on what various types of artists (e.g., architects, designers, graphic artists, animators) produce and how their works play a role in our everyday environment.

Sixth grade

1.0 ARTISTIC PERCEPTION
Processing, Analyzing, and Responding to Sensory Information Through the Language and Skills Unique to the Visual Arts
Students perceive and respond to works of art, objects in nature, events, and the environment. They also use the vocabulary of the visual arts to express their observations.

Develop Perceptual Skills and Visual Arts Vocabulary
1.1 Identify and describe all the elements of art found in selected works of art (color, shape/form, line, texture, space, and value).
1.2 Discuss works of art as to theme, genre, style, idea, and differences in media.
1.3 Describe how artists can show the same theme by using different media and styles.

Analyze Art Elements and Principles of Design
1.4 Describe how balance is effectively used in a work of art (e.g., symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial).

2.0 CREATIVE EXPRESSION
Creating, Performing, and Participating in the Visual Arts

Students apply artistic processes and skills, using a variety of media to communicate meaning and intent in original works of art.

Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools
2.1 Use various observational drawing skills to depict a variety of subject matter.
2.2 Apply the rules of two-point perspective in creating a thematic work of art.
2.3 Create a drawing, using varying tints, shades, and intensities.

Communication and Expression Through Original Works of Art
2.4 Create increasingly complex original works of art reflecting personal choices and increased technical skill.
2.5 Select specific media and processes to express moods, feelings, themes, or ideas.
2.6 Use technology to create original works of art.

3.0 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
Understanding the Historical Contributions and Cultural Dimensions of the Visual Arts

Students analyze the role and development of the visual arts in past and present cultures throughout the world, noting human diversity as it relates to the visual arts and artists.

Role and Development of the Visual Arts
3.1 Research and discuss the role of the visual arts in selected periods of history, using a variety of resources (both print and electronic).
3.2 View selected works of art from a culture and describe how they have changed or not changed in theme and content over a period of time.

Diversity of the Visual Arts
3.3 Compare, in oral or written form, representative images or designs from at least two selected cultures.

4.0 AESTHETIC VALUING
Responding to, Analyzing, and Making Judgments About Works in the Visual Arts

Students analyze, assess, and derive meaning from works of art, including their own, according to the elements of art, the principles of design, and aesthetic qualities.

Derive Meaning
4.1 Construct and describe plausible interpretations of what they perceive in works of art.
4.2 Identify and describe ways in which their culture is being reflected in current works of art.

Make Informed Judgments
4.3 Develop specific criteria as individuals or in groups to assess and critique works of art.
4.4 Change, edit, or revise their works of art after a critique, articulating reasons for their changes.

5.0 CONNECTIONS, RELATIONSHIPS, APPLICATIONS
Connecting and Applying What Is Learned in the Visual Arts to Other Art Forms and Subject Areas and to Careers

Students apply what they learned in the visual arts across subject areas. They develop competencies and creative skills in problem solving, communication, and management of time and resources that contribute to lifelong learning and career skills. They also learn about careers in and related to the visual arts.

Connections and Applications
5.1 Research how art was used in theatrical productions in the past and in the present.
5.2 Research how traditional characters (such as the trickster) found in a variety of cultures past and present are represented in illustrations.
5.3 Create artwork containing visual metaphors that express the traditions and myths of selected cultures.

Visual Literacy
5.4 Describe tactics employed in advertising to sway the viewer's thinking and provide examples.

Career and Career-Related Skills
5.5 Establish criteria to use in selecting works of art for a specific type of art exhibition.